Python Interview Questions And Answers
Python Interview Questions For Freshers
Let's start by looking at important Python interview questions for freshers. These questions are suitable for candidates who have just passed out of college or have little to no work experience as Python developers:
Along with being a general-purpose programming language, Python comes with a syntax that is simple and easy to learn. This emphasizes readability and reduces the program maintenance costs incurred by organizations. Python is also capable of scripting and is completely open-source, making it a flexible software development tool for developers. Moreover, the third-party packages it supports facilitate code reuse.
To define a dynamically typed language, it is important to understand types in the field of programming. Typing stands for type-checking in languages used for software development. Python is a strongly-typed language where “1” + 2 will give you a type error as it does not allow for type-coercion. A weakly-types language, on the other hand, will simply give you “12” as a result.
Type-checking is done in two stages - static and dynamic. The static stage involves data types being checked before execution, while the dynamic stage involves data types being checked during execution.
Python is an interpreted programming language that executed every statement line-by-line, resulting in type-checking being done on the fly while the program is executed. This is what makes Python a dynamically typed language.
An interpreted language is a programming language that executes its statements in a line-by-line fashion. JavaScript, Python, PHP, R, and Ruby are some of the most common examples of interpreted languages. Programs written using an interpreted language do not require an intermediary compilation step and run straight from the source code.
PEP refers to Python Enhancement Proposal. It is an official design document that gives the Python community valuable information regarding the language, such as its new features or processes. PEP 8 is important for Python developers as it documents the Python Code style guidelines. If you wish to contribute to the Python community, you will be required to follow these guidelines.
Advanced Python Interview Questions
Now that we have discussed a few common Python interview questions for freshers, let us take the questions up a notch and look at a few advanced Python interview questions often designed for professionals with advanced expertise:
Python manages memory with the help of the Python Memory Manager. The manager allocates memory in the form of private heap space. This heap stores all Python objects and is inaccessible to the programmer due to being private. However, the programming language offers a few core API functions to developers capable of working on the heap space.
Python also comes with a pre-built garbage collection for recycling unused memory for private heap space.
Namespaces are Python components used to ensure that the object names within a program are unique and capable of being used without conflict. They are implemented by Python in the form of dictionaries. Here, the 'name as key' is mapped to the correlating 'object as value.'
This makes it possible for multiple namespaces to use a single name and map it to a different object. Here are a few major examples of namespaces used in Java:
- Local Namespace: This namespace includes local names within a function. It is temporarily created to facilitate a function call and gets cleared as a file returns.
- Global Namespace: The global namespace includes names from multiple imported modules or packages used in the current object. Java developers create it when a package is imported into the script and lasts as long as the script's execution.
- Built-in Namespace: This namespace comprises built-in functions of core Python along with built-in names of different exceptions.
In Python, decorators refer to the functions that provide the functionality to an existing Python function without the need for a change in the structure itself. They represent “@decorator_name” in Python while being called in a bottom-up manner.
Along with adding functionality to the method's output, decorators in Python also accept arguments for functions. They can also modify these arguments before passing them on to the function itself. The inner nested function, also known as the'wrapper' function, plays an important role here. The function is implemented for enforcing encapsulation, keeping itself away from the global scope.
These Python comprehensions, just like decorators, can be referred to as syntactic sugar constructs that help users build filtered and altered lists, dictionaries, or sets from a specific dictionary, set, or list. Using comprehensions allows developers to save sufficient time and code that could have been more verbose.
PYTHONPATH refers to an environment variable users can set to add extra directories for Python to look for packages and modules. This plays an important role in maintaining Python libraries users do not want to install in the global default location.
As a programming language, Python cannot be interpreted or compiled. Being interpreted or compiled is the property of implementing the language. As a bytecode, Python is interpreted generally. Developers are required to work with a source code which is a file with .py extension.
The programming language compiles this source code to specific instructions related to a virtual machine. Here, the Python interpreter refers to an implementation of this virtual machine.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is Python still relevant in the world of software development?
Over several years, Python has stayed relevant in the world of software development because of consistency upgrading its utility. Its flexibility, scalability, and simplicity has attracted some of the biggest companies worldwide to develop websites, facilitate task automation, build web applications, and perform data analysis.
What are the educational qualification to become a Python developer?
While becoming a Python developer does not require a specific degree, bachelor's or master's graduates in Computer Science, Information Management Systems, and related fields have a better chance of kickstarting their careers. It is also important for an aspirant to be well-versed in web frameworks like HTML, CSS, Django, etc. to become successful Python developers.
How much does a Python developer earn?
On average, a Python developer in India earns ₹4.8 lacs on an annual basis. By mastering the technology, you can obtain a handsome package ranging from ₹1.4 lacs to ₹9 lacs.
Will becoming a Python developer take me far?
Yes, becoming a Python developer is bound to take you far in your professional journey because of the undying relevance and importance of the technology. As more and more companies are switching to web application development, the demand for skilled and passionate Python developers will only increase in the years to come. Moreover, Python is an easy technology to learn with a massive scope of expanding your expertise.
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