In the world of software development and DevOps, orchestration is the process of integrating multiple services to automate business processes or sync valuable information in a timely manner. Let’s say you have seven microservices to run your software application. Putting them in separate containers will lead to communication obstacles. Under such a situation, orchestration will help you enable all services in individual containers, making them work seamlessly to attain your goals.

This is one of the most commonly asked Kubernetes interview questions and needs to be answered precisely. For this, it is important to know what Docker is. Docker is an open-source platform for handling software development. Its core benefit is that it automatically packages the dependencies and settings your software needs to run into a container. This leads to portability and a range of other benefits. Kubernetes facilitates manual linking and orchestration of multiple containers while running on multiple hosts created with Docker.

Deploying software applications calls for an architecture with an operating system. This operating system will contain a kernel holding multiple libraries installed therein to run your application. A container host deals with a system running the containerized processes. This system is isolated from other applications, thus requiring the applications to have the necessary libraries. The binaries here are isolated and incapable of infringing other applications.

Here are some of the most important features of Kubernetes:

In Kubernetes, a node refers to the smallest fundamental unit of the computing hardware. It is represented by a single machine in a cluster. This could be a physical machine or a virtual machine by a cloud provider. Every machine is capable of substituting any other machine in a cluster. In Kubernetes, a master controls the nodes having containers.

In Kubernetes, the master node is responsible for dignifying the node that manages and controls the worker nodes’ set. This is similar to a cluster in Kubernetes. Here, the nodes facilitate seamless cluster management where the API is used for configuring and managing resources within the collection. The master node can run with Kubernetes as an asset of dedicated pods.

The Kubernetes master node runs the Kube-API server to facilitate the seamless scaling of multiple instances.

A pod in Kubernetes is a high-level structure wrapping one or more containers. Note that containers are not run directly in Kubernetes. Containers stored in the same pod share the same resources and a local network, facilitating effective communication between different containers as if they belonged to the same machine while maintaining the right degree of isolation.

In Kubernetes, a cluster of containers is nothing but a set of machine elements that are nodes. It initiates specific routes to allow the containers running on the nodes to communicate with each other. Remember that the container and not the Kubernetes API server hosts the API server in the system.

Daemon sets are sets of pods running not more than once on a host. Kubernetes developers use these sets for host layer attributes, such as a network or monitoring a dedicated network which need not be run on a host more than once.

In Kubernetes, a Heapster refers to a metrics collection and performance monitoring system for the data collected by the Kublet. It is natively supported and runs like all other pods in a Kubernetes cluster. This allows the aggregator to discover and query usage data from all nodes stored in a cluster.

Namespaces are used in Kubernetes to divide cluster resources between different users. They are designed for environments comprising multiple users spread across different projects or teams while providing a scope of resources to users.